A shell-and-tube heat exchanger is to be constructed with 1 in. 12 gage steel tubes. The cold
fluid flowing in the tubes, is water flowing at the rate of 18,000 kg/h and is to be heated from
35o
C to 65o
C. The hot shell side fluid is also water and flows at the rate of 12,800 kg/h, entering

at 95o
C. The tube water flows at an average velocity of 0.3 m/s and the overall heat transfer
coefficient of the exchanger is known to be 1600 W/m2 o

C. Determine,

a) The number of tubes per pass,
b) The number of tube passes and,
c) The required length of the tubes-examining various tube-pass possibilities but limiting the
design to one shell pass,
d) Inside and outside convection coefficients,
e) Pressure drops for tube and shell sides,
f) Required pump power for each fluid to be sent to the heat exchanger.

Examine at least two possibilities for tube-pass and evaluate your findings by considering
space limitations (tube length must be less than 3m) and cost of manufacture. As a conclusion,
propose the best design parameters.
Indicate all your assumptions and origins of data that have been used in your calculations by
giving no. of Tables, Appendix, and etc.